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AGRICULTURAE
CONSPECTUS SCIENTIFICUS
Vol. 62, No. 3-4, 1997
ORIGINAL
SCIENTIFIC PAPER
Grain Moisture Content and Loss Rate of Maize Hybrids at Different
Nitrogen Fertilization Rates
Sadržaj i intenzitet otpuštanja vlage iz zrna hibrida kukuruza kod različite
gnojidbe dušikom
I.
PEJIĆ
L. ČOGA
I. PUNTAR
Snježana BOLARIĆ
Marija PECINA
SUMMARY
The
objective of this research was to determine the influence of different
nitrogen fertilisation rates on the grain moisture content and the loss
rate in hybrid maize. Nine maize hybrids FAO 300-400 of nearly the same
flowering were grown in a split-plot experiment with five replications
at the Maksimir location in 1996. The main factor was fertilisation with
two rates of applied nitrogen (70 kg N/ha and 200 kg N/ha), and the subfactor
was the hybrid. The level of grain moisture was measured four times after
physiological maturity (appearance of black layer): 19th September, 30th
September, 09th October, and 16th October 1996. The studied hybrids showed
significant differences in the moisture content on each date of measurement.
During the entire period of drying, the highest moisture loss rate was
0,187 % per day, and the lowest was 0,122 % per day. The moisture loss
rate was the most intensive in period from 30th September to 9th October
for almost all hybrids. In the studied maize hybrids a different supply
of mineral nitrogen did not cause differences in the grain moisture content
and the loss rate. This has led to the conclusion that the genotype is
the prime factor controlling these traits.
KEY WORDS
maize
hybrids, nitrogen fertilization, grain moisture, moisture loss rate
SAŽETAK
Cilj
istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj različite gnojidbe tla mineralnim
dušikom na razinu i dinamiku otpuštanja vlage iz zrna hibrida kukuruza.
Devet hibrida kukuruza FAO 300-400 koji su imali istovremenu cvatnju uzgojeno
je 1996. godine u Maksimiru u pokusu po split-plot metodi s pet ponavljanja.
Glavni faktor bila je gnojidba sa dvije razine dodanog dušika (70 kg N/ha
i 200 kg N/ha), a podfaktor hibrid. Razina vlage u zrnu mjerena je četiri
puta nakon nastupanja faze fiziološke zriobe (pojava crnog sloja): 19.
IX, 30. IX, 09. X, i u berbi 16. X 1996. Devet ispitanih hibrida signifikantno
se razlikovalo po sadržaju vlage, kako po završnoj vlazi u berbi, tako
i u prethodna tri mjerenja. U cijelom razdoblju sušenja najbrži gubitak
vlage iznosio je 0,187 %/dan, a najsporiji 0,122 %/dan. Gubitak vlage
nije bio jednak u svim promatranim razdobljima već je za gotovo sve hibride
bio najintenzivniji u razdoblju od 30. IX do 09. X. Različita opskrbljenost
mineralnim dušikom nije imala utjecaja na sadržaj i dinamiku otpuštanja
vlage iz zrna ispitanih hibrida kukuruza, već je odlučujuću kontrolu nad
tim svojstvima imao genotip.
KLJUČNE RIJEČI
kukuruz,
hibridi, gnojidba dušikom, vlažnost zrna, intenzitet otpuštanja vlage
ipejic@agr.hr
Zavod za oplemenjivanje bilja, genetiku i metodiku istraživanja
Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu
Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska
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